The Relative Efficacy of the Biological and Chemical Weapon Regimes

The biological and chemical weapon nonproliferation and disarmament regimes are often put forward as models of what the nuclear nonproliferation regime could (or should) be. But are these regimes effective? If so, is one stronger and/or more effective than the other? What is it that makes them relatively stronger than the nuclear nonproliferation regime? In this article, we return to and expand upon a framework for assessing regime health and effectiveness. We utilize this framework to engage in a comparative analysis of the chemical weapon (CW) and biological weapon (BW) nonproliferation regimes, respectively. Our analysis reveals that these two regimes are comparatively healthier than their nuclear counterpart. While some of their behavioral features might be troubling—such as the disputes over stockpile destruction of CW—these tend to be mitigated by the presence of a strong norm against possession and proliferation of both CW and BW. This norm is adequately embedded into the existing institutional features of the regimes in ways that do not exist in the nuclear nonproliferation regime.     

A Proliferation of Royal Air Forces

Australia's interest in nuclear weapons in the 1950s and 60s is usually explained in terms of high politics and grand strategy. This proliferation case study explores, in greater detail than hitherto, the important part played by the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) in pressing for a nuclear capability. It seeks to understand the reasons behind the RAAF's lobbying, in particular its previous experience with air power, its visceral desire for advanced manned bomber aircraft, and its strong institutional link to the British Royal Air Force. The decision in 1963 to acquire the supersonic US F-111 strike aircraft, instead of rivals including the British TSR.2, is also considered. Once the RAAF's bomber ambitions were satisfied, interest in nuclear weapons was greatly reduced. Finally, some comments are included on the nuclear interests of other air forces in the British Commonwealth.     

Saddam versus the inspectors: the impact of regime security on the verification of Iraq’s WMD disarmament

The discovery that Iraq had no weapons of mass destruction (WMD) in 2003 raised the question of why Saddam had prevented UN weapons inspectors from fully accounting for his disarmament. The leading explanation for Saddam’s behavior is that he valued ambiguity as part of a strategy of ‘deterrence by doubt’. This article argues that Iraq’s obstruction of inspectors in the late 1990s was motivated by his desire to shield Iraq’s regime security apparatus from UNSCOM’s intrusive counter-concealment inspections. The failure to understand how strongly Saddam’s concerns about his personal safety drove Iraq’s contentious relationship with UNSCOM set the stage for the invasion of Iraq in 2003.     

基于偏振光的导航技术研究

利用偏振光进行导航源于对生物的研究,人类在仿生研究基础上开展了基于偏振光的导航技术研究.介绍了偏振光的产生机理、仿生研究成果以及偏振导航传感器和导航技术研究成果,指出利用偏振光组合导航的方式可以大大提高系统性能,具有广阔的应用领域.     

高速公路隧道照明节能设计

高速公路隧道照明是确保行车安全的重要环节.随着公路隧道通车里程的快速增加,照明费用已成为营运单位的巨大负担.从高速公路隧道对照明效果的具体要求出发,对高速公路隧道照明的节能问题进行了探讨,提出具体节能设计措施与途径,主要包括洞口亮度的节能调整、洞内照明分段照度的优化设定、设计中供电线路的节能措施、节能灯具的选取、智能化...     

XNAV中的相对论效应(II)——光线弯曲和引力延缓

详细讨论了XNAV基本方程中的广义相对论效应之一:脉冲星到观测者的光线弯曲和传播时间的引力延缓。计算出1PN度规下的光线弯曲轨迹和时间延缓以及2PN度规下的引力延缓,文中得到的结论是对现行公式的修正。     

大型复杂武器装备质量综合评价及其支持系统设计

从大型复杂武器装备系统的具体特点出发,运用基于TOPSIS主成分价值函数模型的主成分分析法（PCA）,构建了大型复杂武器装备质量综合评估模型。进行了实证分析,结果表明,该方法的应用使前三个主成分综合携带了原系统全部信息的96.04%,避免了信息的重叠和交叉,也克服了主观因素对评价的影响,更客观全面地反映了设备的质量状况。最后通过对其支持系统的设计,实现对企业与部队不同质量管理决策层的信息支持。     

基于二人有限零和对策的防空兵火力分配方法

为了优化防空作战过程中火力分配问题,使射击达到最佳效果,运用对策论、线性规划等理论方法,采用对策矩阵建立了防空火力分配的线性规划模型,并通过计算示例和计算机仿真初步预测了敌方的空袭兵器使用情况和我方相应的兵力分配对策。该模型建立的防空火力分配方法较好地满足了要地防空装备的战术应用问题,对提高作战效能具有一定的参考价值。     

光电型舰炮武器系统模拟训练仪的设计

为解决舰炮武器系统日常训练与检测问题,设计了舰炮武器系统模拟训练仪。介绍了模拟训练仪的组成、工作原理,及硬件、软件技术设计。其主要技术的应用涉及电视视频图象模拟技术、外弹道仿真及水柱坐标处理技术、距离方位法校射模拟技术及计算处理实时性技术。通过试验验证,该模拟训练仪能够很好的用于武器系统的检测和舰员的日常训练。     

空对地攻击武器选用方法

空对地攻击中能否正确选用空对地武器,将直接影响空对地攻击的效果.讨论了一般的空对地武器选用原则和依据,并用概率论的方法建立了选用空地武器的效损比模型,最后给出具体算例说明模型在实际作战任务中的应用.